What are the main components of the CNC machining center
What are the components of a complete CNC machining center? Today, Zhenggong CNC will give you a detailed introduction. I hope it will be helpful to friends who want to know about CNC machining centers.
In the view of our processing center manufacturer, it has seven major components. List them:
(1) The basic parts refer to the bed castings. It is composed of a bed, a column, and a worktable. It is the basic part of a CNC machining center. Most of them are cast iron. The CNC machining center must bear static load and dynamic cutting load during machining. Therefore, the rigidity of the bed casting is very high, and it is also the most important part that determines the quality of the CNC machining center.
(2) Spindle components. It is composed of spindle motor, spindle box, spindle and spindle support and other parts. Its starting, stopping and rotation are controlled by the CNC system, and the cutting motion is carried out by the tool mounted on the spindle, which is the power output of cutting processing. part. The spindle is the key component of CNC machining center, and the quality of its structure has a great influence on the performance of CMC machining center.
(3) Control system. The numerical control system of CNC machining center is composed of CNC device, programmable controller, servo drive device and motor. They are the control centers for CNC machining centers to perform sequential control actions and complete operations during processing.
(4) Servo system. The function of the servo system is to convert the signal from the numerical control device into the movement of the moving parts of the machine tool. Its performance is one of the main factors that determine the machining accuracy, surface quality and production efficiency of the machine tool. CNC machining centers generally adopt three control modes: semi-closed loop, closed loop and mixed loop.
(5) Automatic tool change device. It is composed of tool magazine, manipulator and drive mechanism. The tool magazine is a device that stores all the tools used to process the workpiece. There are many types of tool magazines, such as disc type, hat type and chain type, and the capacity ranges from a few to dozens. When the tool needs to be changed during the machining process, the manipulator (or through other means) will take the tool out of the tool magazine and load it into the spindle according to the CNC system instruction. The structure of the manipulator has many forms according to the relative position and structure of the tool magazine and the spindle. Some CNC machining centers do not use a manipulator but use the movement of the headstock or tool magazine to implement tool change. Although the tool change process, tool selection method, tool magazine structure, manipulator type, etc. are different, they are all under the control of CNC devices and programmable controllers, and the tool selection and exchange are realized by electric motors, hydraulic or pneumatic mechanisms. When the contact sensor is installed in the mechanism, the error measurement of the tool and the workpiece can also be realized.
(6) Automatic tray changing system. In order to further shorten the non-cutting time, some CNC machining centers are equipped with two automatic workpiece pallets, one is installed on the worktable for processing, and the other is located outside the worktable for workpiece loading and unloading, which can reduce auxiliary time and improve processing efficiency .
(7) Auxiliary system. Including lubrication, cooling, chip removal, protection, hydraulic pressure and random detection systems. Although the auxiliary system does not directly participate in the cutting movement, it plays a decisive role in guaranteeing the machining efficiency, machining accuracy and reliability of the CNC machining center, so it is also an indispensable part of the CNC machining center.
